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Jaeoh Sim

Gimjang: Korea’s Winter Kimchi-Making Process


Image by 정훈 정 from Pixabay

In South Korea, kimchi is more than just a side dish. It represents the heart of Korean cuisine in every meal. Statistics show that over 2 million tons of kimchi are consumed annually, and this large amount of consumption is possible because of gimjang, a traditional kimchi-making process during winter months for preparation for the cold season.


Gimjang refers to the communal act of making kimchi in large quantities, typically done with family and neighbors, to stock up for the winter. This tradition has been passed down for centuries and became recognized by UNESCO as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. While gimjang usually takes place during mid-November and ends in mid to late December. However, the exact timing can differ depending on the region.


Gimjang isn’t just an ordinary day in the kitchen. It is an intensive and arduous process that requires immense skill, time, and the amount of cabbage, garlic, spices, and other ingredients is overwhelming. With cooperation and communication being the key components of gimjang, communal bonds between family, friends, and neighbors exponentially increase during its process. 


Parallel to its long history, the sheer number and types of kimchi is extensive. However, despite their differences, kimjang almost always follows these initial processes: first, soak the cabbages in salt water and drain the water. Next, slice and mash the cabbages along with other vegetables. Mix and soak them with spices such as hot pepper flakes (this step is key and calls for the most time and work). Finally, store the kimchi by putting them into separate storage containers (preferably airtight). Ferment in the refrigerator for at least a couple of days. This helps the kimchi remain in its original fresh state throughout the winter.


For Koreans, gimjang is more than just food preparation. It is a cultural legacy that promotes connection with others and performs our tradition. It also makes us think about the efforts that went into its creation while eating kimchi. For those who love eating kimchi, participating or learning more about gimjang can be a rewarding experience. Through gimjang, people can understand the cherished tradition of Korean culture!


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